The flowers of this plant emit sweet honey aroma, and roots are deeply rooted in the soil. It is naturally grown in the northeastern Mediterranean region, the Sinai Peninsula, Tunisia, Libya, and Saudi Arabia. Retama raetam (Forssk) Webb, commonly known as ‘R'tm, is the most valuable aromatic and medicinal wild plant. Phytochemical investigation has shown that Retama species are rich in flavonoids, quinolizidine, and bipiperidyl alkaloids and the cyclitol pinitol compounds. Moreover, several studies in the literature report different pharmacological properties of Retama species which includes antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, hepatoprotective, antiproliferative, antiulcerogenic, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, and diuretic effects. The extracts of aerial parts of various species of genus Retama are used as traditional remedies in treatment of hypertension, diabetes, rheumatism, and anti-inflammatory diseases. raetam is commonly found in the Sinai Peninsula and North East Mediterranean region. It is comprised of four structurally related species distributed from endemic to the Mediterranean area: R. Genus Retama is comprised of monophyletic taxon belonging to family Fabaceae.
Among others, antibacterial, antifungal, antirheumatic, and anti-inflammatory activities have been reported in the literature for these essential oils. Essential oils also known as volatile oil are being widely used in traditional medicine. raetam extract investigations carried out in the past and provides the additional data for the future research studies.Īromatic and medicinal plants are considered as the primary natural source for a wide variety of volatile terpene, hydrocarbons, essential oils, and secondary metabolites. The ICP-MS analysis of stem extract showed the presence of a significant amount of important inorganic elements including aluminum, chlorine, calcium, bromine magnesium, phosphorus, scandium, and chromium. Analysis conducted by DART-MS and GC-MS reveals the presence of several interesting organic constituents identified as 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, sparteine, benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, methyl ester, phthalic acid, 1-octadecanol, squalene, argentamin, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, sparteine, benzene propanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, methyl ester, phthalic acid, 1-octadecanol, squalene, argentamin, and hentriacontane in the ethanol extract of the R. raetam stem has been explored using direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry (DART-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The organic and inorganic composition of ethanol extract of R. This study aims to investigate the chemical constituents of the stem of Retama raetam growing in Saudi Arabia.
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